In this review, we discuss the role of adjuvant immunotherapy in RCC. Despite the volume of agents tested, there still remains a very limited number of treatments which have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the adjuvant setting. There have been a multitude of agents that have been tested in the adjuvant setting including cytokine based treatments, targeted therapies, and most recently checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we highlight scoring models and algorithms to aid in risk stratification for patients with localized RCC. According to one systematic review of contemporary data, 5-year recurrence free survival varied from 42% to 98%. Outcomes for patients with localized RCC are heterogeneous. Despite definitive surgical resection, a subset of patients with localized disease go on to develop distant metastases and lethal RCC. For patient with localized disease, the standard of care continues to be radical or partial nephrectomy. In the metastatic setting, most recent data from contemporary phase 3 studies demonstrate a 5-year overall survival of 48% for patients with intermediate and poor risk RCC being treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab and 3-year overall survival of 63% for patients with RCC receiving pembrolizumab and axitinib. ![]() From 2000 to 2011, 5-year cancer-specific survival for RCC was 94% for localized disease, 71% for regional disease, and 12% for distant disease. While there has been a significant increase in the incidence of RCC, survival for patients with local, regional, and distant disease has only modestly improved over the past several decades. Due to widespread use of computed tomography and renal ultrasound, the incidence of RCC has been increasing over the past three decades. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is common among men and women worldwide.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |